去年年底，我在亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议上提出，要让经济全球化进程更有活力、更加包容、更可持续。我们要主动作为、适度管理，让经济全球化的正面效应更多释放出来，实现经济全球化进程再平衡；我们要顺应大势、结合国情，正确选择融入经济全球化的路径和节奏；我们要讲求效率、注重公平，让不同国家、不同阶层、不同人群共享经济全球化的好处。这是我们这个时代的领导者应有的担当，更是各国人民对我们的期待。At the APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting in late 2016, I spoke about the necessity to make the process of economic globalization more invigorated, more inclusive and more sustainable. We should act pro-actively and manage economic globalization as appropriate so as to release its positive impact and rebalance the process of economic globalization. We should follow the general trend, proceed from our respective national conditions and embark on the right pathway of integrating into economic globalization with the right pace. We should strike a balance between efficiency and equity to ensure that different countries, different social strata and different groups of people all share in the benefits of economic globalization. The people of all countries expect nothing less from us, and this is our unshirkable responsibility as leaders of our times.

女士们、先生们、朋友们！Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends,

当前，最迫切的任务是引领世界经济走出困境。世界经济长期低迷，贫富差距、南北差距问题更加突出。究其根源，是经济领域三大突出矛盾没有得到有效解决。At present, the most pressing task before us is to steer the global economy out of difficulty. The global economy has remained sluggish for quite some time. The gap between the poor and the rich and between the South and the North is widening. The root cause is that the three critical issues in the economic sphere have not been effectively addressed.

一是全球增长动能不足，难以支撑世界经济持续稳定增长。世界经济增速处于7年来最低水平，全球贸易增速继续低于经济增速。短期性政策刺激效果不佳，深层次结构性改革尚在推进。世界经济正处在动能转换的换挡期，传统增长引擎对经济的拉动作用减弱，人工智能、3D打印等新技术虽然不断涌现，但新的经济增长点尚未形成。世界经济仍然未能开辟出一条新路。First, lack of robust driving forces for global growth makes it difficult to sustain the steady growth of the global economy. The growth of the global economy is now at its slowest pace in seven years. Growth of global trade has been slower than global GDP growth. Short-term policy stimuli are ineffective. Fundamental structural reform is just unfolding. The global economy is now in a period of moving toward new growth drivers, and the role of traditional engines to drive growth has weakened. Despite the emergence of new technologies such as artificial intelligence and 3D printing, new sources of growth are yet to emerge. A new path for the global economy remains elusive.

二是全球经济治理滞后，难以适应世界经济新变化。前不久，拉加德女士告诉我，新兴市场国家和发展中国家对全球经济增长的贡献率已经达到80%。过去数十年，国际经济力量对比深刻演变，而全球治理体系未能反映新格局，代表性和包容性很不够。全球产业布局在不断调整，新的产业链、价值链、供应链日益形成，而贸易和投资规则未能跟上新形势，机制封闭化、规则碎片化十分突出。全球金融市场需要增强抗风险能力，而全球金融治理机制未能适应新需求，难以有效化解国际金融市场频繁动荡、资产泡沫积聚等问题。Second, inadequate global economic governance makes it difficult to adapt to new developments in the global economy. Madame Christine Lagarde recently told me that emerging markets and developing countries already contribute to 80% of the growth of the global economy. The global economic landscape has changed profoundly in the past few decades. However, the global governance system has not embraced those new changes and is therefore inadequate in terms of representation and inclusiveness. The global industrial landscape is changing and new industrial chains, value chains and supply chains are taking shape. However, trade and investment rules have not kept pace with these developments, resulting in acute problems such as closed mechanisms and fragmentation of rules. The global financial market needs to be more resilient against risks, but the global financial governance mechanism fails to meet the new requirement and is thus unable to effectively resolve problems such as frequent international financial market volatility and the build-up of asset bubbles.

三是全球发展失衡，难以满足人们对美好生活的期待。施瓦布先生在《第四次工业革命》一书中写道，第四次工业革命将产生极其广泛而深远的影响，包括会加剧不平等，特别是有可能扩大资本回报和劳动力回报的差距。全球最富有的1%人口拥有的财富量超过其余99%人口财富的总和，收入分配不平等、发展空间不平衡令人担忧。全球仍然有7亿多人口生活在极端贫困之中。对很多家庭而言，拥有温暖住房、充足食物、稳定工作还是一种奢望。这是当今世界面临的最大挑战，也是一些国家社会动荡的重要原因。Third, uneven global development makes it difficult to meet people's expectations for better lives. Dr. Schwab has observed in his book The Fourth Industrial Revolution that this round of industrial revolution will produce extensive and far-reaching impacts such as growing inequality, particularly the possible widening gap between return on capital and return on labor. The richest one percent of the world's population own more wealth than the remaining 99 percent. Inequality in income distribution and uneven development space are worrying. Over 700 million people in the world are still living in extreme poverty. For many families, to have warm houses, enough food and secure jobs is still a distant dream. This is the biggest challenge facing the world today. It is also what is behind the social turmoil in some countries.